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LEGENDS OF CORDYCEPS SINESIS
What is Cordyceps Sinensis?
Chinese traditional medicine uses a variety of natural products to treat illness, among them Cordyceps Sinensis.
Cordyceps sinensis, colloquially known as Chinese Caterpiller fungus is a plant belonging to the ergot family. In China, this extremely rare herb is known as the dong chong xia chao (Winter Worm, Summer Grass). It is also known as Awetoin China and Tibet, and as Yarchagumba in Tibet. Belonging to the fungus category, the nutrients and active ingredients within the Cordyceps possess a variety of pharmacological properties that relates to almost every system in human body.
Cordyceps Sinensis is a species of southeast, mountainous China found only in altitudes above 2000 meters. Cordyceps sinensis spores are scattered by wind after maturation during the end of autumn. It infects and slowly consumes the Hepialidae larva while feeding on roots. The Cordyceps sinensis fungus grows and matures within the insect, absorbing the nutrients and soft tissues within the larva. Gradually the larva dies and dark brown to black fruiting body emerges from the ground, growing out of the forehead of the larvae. The long, usually columnar fruiting body has a reach of 3-5cm. Cordyceps sinensis takes around six years to complete its life cycle. Therefore, natural Cordyceps sinensis is both rare and expensive.
Traditional and precious to Chinese medicinal herbology, ancient medical practitioners believed it was the potent cure to all illnesses. However, for centuries, Cordyceps was exclusive for the Emperors due to its scarcity and high price. Cordyceps sinensis has always been considered the premier agent in the Chinese culture.
With modern day advances and technological evolution, a medical breakthrough was discovered by Microenvironment Control Technology Research Center of Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang Yangtze River Delta when they founded the artificial cultivation and reproduction of the fruiting bodies of fresh Cordyceps sinensis.
Cordyceps is now available in the market. It comes in a variety of range, suitable for the consumption of to all who seeks improved and increased quality of health and life.
Legends of Cordyceps Sinesis
Legend has it that the Yung people, Tibetan herdsman, first discovered Cordyceps over a thousand years ago in the high plateaus of the region, thinking it was a type of grass. They first noticed that animals grazing on a tiny, grass-like mushroom became more energetic and agile. Even the older cattle showed signs of increased vigor. Intrigued, the herders began to harvest the mushroom and soon observed that human consumption seemed to yield similar benefits.
From that moment on, logic ensues and it was only a matter of time before the knowledge of the benefits of this miraculous herb was unlocked. Chinese herbalists were among the first few who began to use Cordyceps for a host of human ailments. However, the scarcity of the herb became an indefinite obstacle that made this cure-all panacea limited to the elites of the society.
Cordyceps Sinensis grows wild in the Tibetan Plateau, approximately 15,000 feet above the sea level. The low oxygen levels in the extreme climate and inhospitable environment causes only the toughest and fittest of a few species survive in the harsh conditions. The survivors are usually extremely adaptable, having developed powerful defenses against the elements. Thus, the harsher the environment in which the mushroom is harvested, the higher the quality of the Cordyceps.
Harvesters of the Cordyceps consider the mushroom the “elixir of life” and to be worth “more than gold”. In the narrow window of 4 weeks between May and June during its season, expert foragers unearth less than 10 cordyceps mushroom per day. The annual harvest of the highest grade cordyceps mushrooms worldwide is barely 660 pounds, making it one of the rarest, most precious mushrooms available. Its scarcity and the nature of which the mushroom prevails explain why Cordyceps Sinensis was such an exclusive privilege of the Chinese royalty.
Legends of Cordyceps Sinesis Lagenda mengatakan bahawa orang-orang Yung, penggembala Tibet, pertama kali ditemui Cordyceps lebih seribu tahun yang lalu di dataran tinggi yang tinggi di rantau ini,menyangka ia adalah sejenis rumput. Mereka mula-mula menyedari bahawa ragut haiwankecil, cendawan seperti rumput menjadi lebih bertenaga dan tangkas. Malah lembu lebih tua menunjukkan tanda-tanda semangat meningkat. Tertarik, herders mula menuaicendawan dan tidak lama lagi diperhatikan bahawa penggunaan manusia seolah-olahuntuk menghasilkan manfaat yang sama. Dari saat itu, logik akan berlaku dan ia hanya menunggu masa sebelum pengetahuanmanfaat daripada herba ajaib ini telah dikunci. Herba Cina adalah antara beberapapertama yang mula menggunakan Cordyceps untuk pelbagai jenis penyakit manusia.Walau bagaimanapun, kekurangan herba menjadi penghalang yang tidak terhingga yangdibuat ini penawar segala penawar yang terhad kepada golongan elit masyarakat. Sinensis Cordyceps tumbuh liar di Plateau Tibet, kira-kira 15,000 kaki di atas paras laut.Tahap oksigen rendah dalam iklim yang melampau dan persekitaran ganasmenyebabkan hanya yang paling sukar dan paling kuat daripada beberapa spesies yanghidup dalam keadaan yang teruk. Yang terselamat biasanya sangat cepat menyesuaikan diri, setelah maju pertahanan yang berkuasa terhadap unsur-unsur. Oleh itu, tegaspersekitaran di mana cendawan dituai, semakin tinggi kualiti daripada Cordyceps. Penuai yang Cordyceps menganggap cendawan "penawar hidup" dan bernilai "lebih banyak daripada emas". Dalam tetingkap yang sempit 4 minggu antara Mei dan Junsemasa foragers musim, pakar mencungkil kurang daripada 10 cordiceps cendawansetiap hari. Tuaian tahunan cordiceps gred tertinggi cendawan di seluruh dunia hanya sekadar £ 660, menjadikannya salah satu daripada jarang ditemui, cendawan yang paling berharga. Kekurangan dan sifat yang cendawan wujud menjelaskan mengapa SinensisCordyceps
keistimewaan eksklusif royalti Cina.
In the second century, B.C., the first Emperor of China used Cordyceps religiously as a tonic for longevity. The legendary Chinese beauty Yang Kue-fei (701-756A.D) also took Cordyceps regularly, crediting the mushroom as her fountain of youth. The historical use of cordyceps as an anti-aging herb in TCM dates back to 1700BC. During China’s Chin Dynasty, one emperor is said to have paid an ounce of gold for a three days’ supply of the precious fungus. Tibetan scholars wrote detailed description of Cordyceps in 15th and 18th century texts. Only in 1726, at a scientific meeting was Cordyceps introduced to Europe.
Natural Cordyceps Sinensis takes about six years to complete its life cycle and consequently, the natural product is deemed extremely rare. Due to the scarcity and high price of natural Cordyceps, researchers and scientists have long studied the reproduction of the mushroom in accessible conditions. It was not until the recent medical breakthrough, discovered by Microenvironment Control Technology Research Center of Research Institute of Tsinghua University, ZhejiangYangtze River Delta when they founded the artificial cultivation and reproduction of the fruiting bodies of fresh Cordyceps Sinensis, was the development of Cordyceps Sinensis products possible.
While other manufacturers may choose to utilize lower grade mushrooms that are easier to harvest, it only these select, highest grade Cordyceps Sinensis carefully developed and cultured by the Microenvironment Control Technology Research Center of Research Institute of Tsinghua University that AHB uses in our nutritional supplement.
Pada abad kedua, SM, Maharaja pertama China yang digunakan Cordiceps agamasebagai tonik untuk panjang umur. Kuih Yang kecantikan legenda Cina-Fei (701 756A.D)juga mengambil Cordyceps teratur, mengkreditkan cendawan sebagai mata air belia.Penggunaan sejarah cordiceps sebagai herba anti-penuaan dalam TCM tarikh kembalike 1700BC. Semasa Dinasti Chin di China, salah satu maharaja dikatakan telah membayar 1 auns emas untuk bekalan tiga hari kulat berharga. Ulama Tibet wrotepenerangan terperinci Cordyceps dalam teks abad ke-15 dan ke-18. Hanya pada 1726,pada mesyuarat saintifik Cordyceps diperkenalkan ke Eropah.
Sinensis Cordyceps Asli mengambil masa kira-kira enam tahun untuk melengkapkankitaran hayatnya dan seterusnya, produk semula jadi disifatkan paling jarang berlaku. Oleh kerana kekurangan dan harga yang tinggi Cordyceps semulajadi, penyelidik dan saintistelah lama mengkaji pembiakan cendawan dalam keadaan yang boleh diakses. Ia bukanlah sehingga penemuan perubatan baru-baru ini, ditemui oleh mikro TeknologiKawalan Pusat Penyelidikan Institut Penyelidikan Universiti Tsinghua, Zhejiang DeltaSungai Yangtze ketika mereka mendirikan penanaman buatan dan pengeluaran semulabadan-badan berbuah Cordyceps Sinensis segar, pembangunan Cordyceps Sinensisproduk mungkin.
Manakala pengeluar lain mungkin memilih untuk menggunakan cendawan gred yang lebihrendah yang lebih mudah untuk menuai, ia hanya-pilih, paling tinggi gred CordycepsSinensis dengan berhati-hati dibangunkan dan berbudaya oleh Pusat PenyelidikanKawalan mikro Teknologi Institut Penyelidikan Universiti Tsinghua bahawa AHBmenggunakan dalam makanan tambahan pemakanan kami.
• Penyakit jantung: Dalam kajian klinikal peningkatan yang ketara dalam isipadu strok,denyutan jantung, output jantung dan sebagainya.
dalam kumpulan Cordiceps vs kumpulan kawalan.
Kolesterol •: Cordyceps mengurangkan jumlah kolesterol LDL "jahat" dan meningkatkanjumlah HDL "baik"
kolesterol. Dalam satu kajian, Cordyceps merendahkan tahap kolesterol jumlahsebanyak lebih 17%.
• Penyakit Hati: Cordyceps boleh meningkatkan gejala-gejala dan struktur sel hatisecara mendadak. Sel-sel sirosis hilang
70 peratus daripada pesakit.
• Disfungsi Seksual: Cordyceps boleh memberi manfaat kepada kedua-dua jantinayang mempunyai masalah yang melibatkan fungsi seksual.
Gangguan sistem imun: Cordyceps muncul untuk menjadi salah satu daripadaimmunomodulators yang paling adaptif.
• Sistem pernafasan: Cordyceps boleh memberi peningkatan yang ketara bagi orang-orang yang perokok, asma, paru-paru
jangkitan dan batuk berat.
References / Rujukan
- ^ Holliday, John; Cleaver, Matt; (2008). "Medicinal Value of the Caterpillar Fungi Species of the Genus Cordyceps (Fr.) Link (Ascomycetes). A Review" (PDF). International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms (New York: Begell House)10 (3): 219. doi:10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v10.i3.30. ISSN 1521-9437.http://www.alohamedicinals.com/cordycepsIJM1003.pdf.
- ^ Winkler, D. 2008a. Yartsa Gunbu (Cordyceps sinensis) and the Fungal Commodification of the Rural Economy in Tibet AR. Economic Botany 63.2: 291-306
- ^ Halpern, Georges M. (2007). Healing Mushrooms. Square One Publishers. pp. 65–86. ISBN 978-0757001963.http://www.alohamedicinals.com/HealingMush_Private_10-18-06.pdf.
- ^ "Neurophilosophy: Brainwashed by a parasite". 2006-11-20.http://neurophilosophy.wordpress.com/2006/11/20/brainwashed-by-a-parasite/. Retrieved 2008-07-02.
- ^ Sung, Gi-Ho; Nigel L. Hywel-Jones, Jae-Mo Sung, J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Bhushan Shrestha and Joseph W. Spatafora (2007). "Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi". Stud Mycol 57 (1): 5–59.
- ^ Holliday, John; Cleaver, Phillip; Lomis-Powers, Megan; Patel, Dinesh; (2004). "Analysis of Quality and Techniques for Hybridization of Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.)Sacc. (Ascomycetes)" (PDF). International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms (New York: Begell House) 6(2): 152. ISSN 1521-9437.http://www.alohamedicinals.com/cordy_IJMM_hybrid_article.pdf.
- ^ Holliday, John (2005). "Cordyceps". in Coates, Paul M. (PDF). Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements. 1. Marcel Dekker. pp. 4 of Cordyceps Chapter. http://www.alohamedicinals.com/cordyceps.pdf.
- ^ Liu, Wei-Chung; Wang, Shu-Chi; Tsai, Min-Lung; Chen, Meng-Chi; Wang, Ya-Chen; Hong, Ji-Hong; McBride, William H.; Chiang, Chi-Shiun (2006-12). "Protection against Radiation-Induced Bone Marrow and Intestinal Injuries by Cordyceps sinensis, a Chinese Herbal Medicine". Radiation Research 166(6): 900–907. doi:10.1667/RR0670.1.PMID 17149981.
- ^ Ko WS, Hsu SL, Chyau CC, Chen KC, Peng RY (July 2009). "Compound Cordyceps TCM-700C exhibits potent hepatoprotective capability in animal model". Fitoterapia 81 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2009.06.018. PMID19596425.
- ^ Nishizawa K, Torii K, Kawasaki A, et al. (September 2007). "Antidepressant-like effect of Cordyceps sinensis in the mouse tail suspension test". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30 (9): 1758–62. doi:10.1248/bpb.30.1758. PMID 17827735.
- ^ Kiho T, Hui J, Yamane A, Ukai S (December 1993). "Polysaccharides in fungi. XXXII. Hypoglycemic activity and chemical properties of a polysaccharide from the cultural mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 16 (12): 1291–3. PMID 8130781.
- ^ Kiho T, Yamane A, Hui J, Usui S, Ukai S (February 1996). "Polysaccharides in fungi. XXXVI. Hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide (CS-F30) from the cultural mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis and its effect on glucose metabolism in mouse liver". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 19 (2): 294–6. PMID 8850325.
- ^ Zhao CS, Yin WT, Wang JY, et al. (June 2002). "CordyMax Cs-4 improves glucose metabolism and increases insulin sensitivity in normal rats". J Altern Complement Med 8 (3): 309–14. doi:10.1089/10755530260127998. PMID12165188.
- ^ Lo HC, Tu ST, Lin KC, Lin SC (April 2004). "The anti-hyperglycemic activity of the fruiting body of Cordyceps in diabetic rats induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin". Life Sci. 74 (23): 2897–908.doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2003.11.003. PMID 15050427.
- ^ Li SP, Zhang GH, Zeng Q, et al. (June 2006). "Hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharide, with antioxidation, isolated from cultured Cordyceps mycelia". Phytomedicine 13 (6): 428–33. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2005.02.002. PMID16716913.
- ^ Winkler, Daniel (2008). "Yartsa Gunbu (Cordyceps sinensis) and the Fungal Commodification of the Rural Economy in Tibet AR". Economic Botany 62 (3): 291–305. doi:10.1007/s12231-008-9038-3 (inactive 2010-01-07).
Further Reading / Bacaan Tambahan
Wild Cordyceps Versus Tissue Culture Cordyceps
Centuries ago, Cordyceps Sinensis was the miracle, cure-all panacea which was exclusive to the Chinese Emperors. This was mainly due to the exorbitant value of the herb as it could only be harvested from the high altitude of its natural habitat.
Through the years, technological advancement from modern medicine and the breakthrough of technology contributed by the study of biotechnology has made this ‘miracle’ herb accessible to all walks of life. However, as modern societies begin to practice the replication of Cordyceps Sinensis, many wonder the adverse effects of the artificially grown herb.
The first cultivation of the fruiting bodies product of was discovered by the Microenvironmental Control Technology Research Centre of Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang Yangtze River Delta.
In a nutshell, the university founded a way to reproduce the ‘natural’ growth environment of the asexual Cordyceps Sinensis, using the correct and proper processes to obtain the same extract and nutrients as that found in wild Cordyceps Sinensis.
The years of research and scientific studies has proven that the characteristic and nutritional components of cultured Cordyceps Sinensis are the same as the wild Cordyceps Sinensis, if not higher. Additionally, studies show that it can be cultivated to produce spores which are the elite of Cordyceps Sinensis.
The cultivation process involves the replication of the growth environment of Cordyceps Sinensis. Traces of neither additives nor preservatives are detected in the fruiting bodies of the artificially cultured Cordyceps Sinensis. Like its wild genesis, the cultured Cordyceps Sinensis does not contribute to any adverse or toxic side effects. It has, however been successfully established that it is easily absorbed by the human body, enabling faster and more effective results due to its ‘miraculous’ elements.
Today, there are about 300 species of Cordyceps distributed throughout the world with almost 60 species of the wild Cordyceps Sinensis resources found in China alone. The most representative of the species which possesses the highest medicinal values are Cordyceps Sinensis and Cordyceps Militaris.
